Chemistry
Econotech provides detailed chemical characterization that enables pulp and paper mills to effectively monitor, troubleshoot and improve their process and product.
Chemical properties are foundational, so understanding key chemistries at the right time and place gives engineers better control over the performance of their operation:
- Track long-term trends at primary control points
- Incorporate pre/post metrics into improvement projects
- Take a data-driven approach to resolving upset conditions


Econotech’s chemistry knowledge and testing capabilities go deep and mill-wide:
- Woodyard or equivalent
- Pulping, Washing, Bleaching
- Pulp Machine, Paper Machine
- Chemical Recovery, Recaust
- Power generation
- Bio-refinery
- Environmental
- Technology R&D
- Independent verification
We add capacity and extend your capability. We expertly cover:
- White, Black and Green Liquors. Orange and Red Liquors. Non-sulfonated liquors. Smelt. Saltcake
- Hardwood, Softwood and Non-Wood raw material, raw material and feed
- Pulp and finished products
- Metals (process and non-process)
- Process and Product Additives; Makeup Chemicals
- Contaminants and Unknowns, including deposits, scales and residues
- Ash, Sand, Dirt
- Condensates and valuable by-products: Turpentine, Tall Oil, Methanol, Lignin etc.
- Fuel properties (see Biofuel or Black Liquor service pages)
- Reburned Lime, Lime Mud, Hot Lime
- Wastes such as Dregs, Grits, Sludges
- White Water
Econotech follows standard methods from TAPPI, PAPTAC, SCAN, ASTM, and others to generate results. Find A Test in our general catalogue or browse chemistry-specific below.
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Service Area | Test | Test Method |
---|---|---|
Chemistry | 1 percent NaOH Solubility | TAPPI T212 |
Chemistry | 1,4 Dioxane | |
Chemistry | Acetaldehyde | |
Chemistry | Acetate/Formate/Propionate | |
Chemistry | Acetone Extractives | TAPPI T204 |
Chemistry | Acid Insoluble Ash (Free Carbon) | TAPPI T244 |
Chemistry | Acid Insolubles | Gravimetric determination |
Chemistry | Acid Number | ASTM D803, ASTM D465 |
Chemistry | Acidity | TAPPI T428, TAPPI T619 – Modified |
Chemistry | Adsorbable Organic Halides (AOX) | ISO 9562, PAPTAC H6, USEPA 1650, PAPTAC H7, PTS-RH:011/91 |
Chemistry | Alcohol Extractives | USFDA |
Chemistry | Alkalinity | APHA SM 2320B, TAPPI T428 |
Chemistry | Alpha Cellulose | TAPPI T429 |
Chemistry | Alpha, Beta, Gamma Cellulose | TAPPI T203 |
Chemistry | Aluminum | By ICP |
Chemistry | Ammonia (NH3) | |
Chemistry | Anthraquinone | HPLC |
Chemistry | Antimony | By ICP |
Chemistry | Arsenic | By ICP |
Chemistry | Ash Content | TAPPI T211, TAPPI T413, Others |
Chemistry | Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT) | ASTM D1857 |
Chemistry | Barium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Beryllium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Bicarbonate | |
Chemistry | Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) | |
Chemistry | Bismuth | By ICP |
Chemistry | Boiling Point | |
Chemistry | Boiling Point Rise | |
Chemistry | Boron | By ICP |
Chemistry | Bromide | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Bromide, Water Soluble | TAPPI T256 |
Chemistry | BTEX, VPH’s | |
Chemistry | Cadmium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Calcium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Calcium Carbonate | Reburned Lime Analyzer |
Chemistry | Calcium Oxide, Available (Available Lime) | SCAN N25:81 |
Chemistry | Calorific Value – Higher Heating Value (HHV) | Bomb Calorimeter |
Chemistry | Calorific Value – Lower Heating Value (LHV) | Bomb Calorimeter |
Chemistry | Carbohydrates | TAPPI T249 |
Chemistry | Carbon | By Element Analyzer |
Chemistry | Carbon, Fixed | |
Chemistry | Carbon, Free | |
Chemistry | Carbonate | Gas Chromatography, Titration |
Chemistry | Carbonate/Sulfate ratio | |
Chemistry | Carboxyl and Aldehyde | TAPPI T237 |
Chemistry | Caustic Solubility | Scan C2 |
Chemistry | Causticity | ABC titration, or By Calculation |
Chemistry | Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) | SCAN CM44, SCAN CM45, Other |
Chemistry | Chlorate | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Chlorate, Water Soluble | TAPPI T256 – modified |
Chemistry | Chloride | TAPPI T619, TAPPI T256, In-house |
Chemistry | Chloride, Water Soluble | TAPPI T256 |
Chemistry | Chlorine, Residual | Iodometric titration |
Chemistry | Chlorite | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Chromium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Chromium, Hexavalent | NIOSH 7600 |
Chemistry | Cobalt | By ICP |
Chemistry | Conductivity | APHA SM 2510B, TAPPI T252, IEC 60554-2 |
Chemistry | Copper | By ICP |
Chemistry | Copper Number | TAPPI T430 |
Chemistry | Critical Solids | |
Chemistry | Degree of Polymerization (Cellulose DP) | |
Chemistry | Density | Pyrex jar method (ASTM E873 – modified), Others |
Chemistry | Detrimental Pitch | Feldmuehle method |
Chemistry | Dichloromethane (DCM) Extractives | TAPPI T204, Liquid-liquid extraction, Others |
Chemistry | Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS) and Dimethyl Disulfide (DMDS) | |
Chemistry | Dioxins and Furans | |
Chemistry | Dioxins/Furans + PCBs (full aroclors) | |
Chemistry | Dissolved Oxygen | |
Chemistry | EA/AA | TAPPI T625 |
Chemistry | EA/AA/TTA | SCAN N2:88, ABC titration |
Chemistry | Elemental Analysis CHNO, CHN | |
Chemistry | Ethanol Extractives | TAPPI T204 |
Chemistry | Extractable Organic Halides (EOX) | USEPA 9023 |
Chemistry | Fatty Acids | ASTM D1585 |
Chemistry | Fibre Content of Spent Pulping Liquor | |
Chemistry | Flash Point | ASTM D93 |
Chemistry | Fluoride | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Fluoride, Water Soluble | TAPPI T256 |
Chemistry | Formaldehyde | HPLC, Spectroscopy |
Chemistry | FTIR Spectroscopy | Scan or Microscope |
Chemistry | Gold | By ICP |
Chemistry | Graphite | |
Chemistry | Hardness (water, aqueous sample) | |
Chemistry | Heptane Extractives | USFDA |
Chemistry | Hexane Extractives | Soxhlet Extraction |
Chemistry | Hexeneuronic acid (Hex-A) | TAPPI T282 |
Chemistry | Hydrated Lime | TAPPI RC136 |
Chemistry | Hydrogen | By Element Analyzer |
Chemistry | Impurities | Non-organic material, Plastic material |
Chemistry | Insoluble Matter | TAPPI T619 |
Chemistry | Intrinsic Viscosity | ASTM D1795 |
Chemistry | Iron | By ICP |
Chemistry | Kappa Number | TAPPI T236 |
Chemistry | Kinematic Viscosity | ASTM D445 |
Chemistry | Leached Metals | EPA 1311 (TCLP), Metals (ICP) |
Chemistry | Lead | By ICP |
Chemistry | Lignin Monomer Ratio (S:G) | Thioacidolysis |
Chemistry | Lignin, Klason (acid-insoluble) and Soluble | TAPPI T222, TAPPI UM250 |
Chemistry | Lignin, Soluble (UV) | Ultraviolet Spectroscopy |
Chemistry | Lithium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Loss on Ignition (LOI) | TAPPI T618, Others |
Chemistry | Magnesium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Manganese | By ICP |
Chemistry | Mercaptan and Methyl Sulfides | Potentiometric Titration |
Chemistry | Mercury | By Cold Vapour UV |
Chemistry | Metals – As Oxides | By ICP + calculation (Incl. Al2O3, As2O3, BaO, B2O3, CaO, Cr2O3, CuO, Fe2O3, MgO, MnO, P2O5, K2O, SiO2, Na2O, TiO2, ZnO) |
Chemistry | Metals – CONEG | By ICP |
Chemistry | Metals – Inerts | By ICP (Incl. Ca, Mg, Fe, Si, Al) |
Chemistry | Metals – Scan | By ICP (Incl. 24 elements: Al, As, Ba, B, Cd, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, K, Si, Na, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) |
Chemistry | Methanol | Gas Chromatography |
Chemistry | Moisture Content | |
Chemistry | Molybdenum | By ICP |
Chemistry | Nickel | By ICP |
Chemistry | Nitrate | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Nitrate, Water Soluble | TAPPI T256 |
Chemistry | Nitrite | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Nitrogen | By Element Analyzer |
Chemistry | Oil and Grease | |
Chemistry | Organic Matter | SSSA 5.3 Ch 34 |
Chemistry | Organic/Inorganic Ratios | |
Chemistry | Organo Silicone | By ICP |
Chemistry | Orthophosphate | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Oxalate | Ion Chromotography, Titration |
Chemistry | Oxalate, Water Soluble | TAPPI T255 |
Chemistry | Oxygen | By Element Analyzer |
Chemistry | Palladium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Particle Size | Tyler Sieve, Others |
Chemistry | Pentachlorophenol (PCP) | By GC/MS |
Chemistry | Pentosans | TAPPI T223 |
Chemistry | Permanganate Number (K number) | TAPPI UM251 |
Chemistry | Pesticides | |
Chemistry | pH | TAPPI T619, Others |
Chemistry | pH – 1:1 Water Extract | McKeague 4.11 |
Chemistry | pH – Saturated Paste | Carter Ch 15 |
Chemistry | pH, Cold | TAPPI T509 |
Chemistry | pH, Hot | IEC 60554-2, TAPPI T252 |
Chemistry | pH, Surface | TAPPI T529 |
Chemistry | Phenols | |
Chemistry | Phosphorus | By ICP |
Chemistry | Phthalates | |
Chemistry | Platinum | By ICP |
Chemistry | Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs) | |
Chemistry | Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE) | |
Chemistry | Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) | |
Chemistry | Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) | |
Chemistry | Polysulfide Sulfur | Gravimetric determination |
Chemistry | Potassium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Potential Tall Oil Yield | |
Chemistry | Potential Turpentine Yield | |
Chemistry | Proximate Analysis | |
Chemistry | R10/R18 | |
Chemistry | Reduction Efficiency / Percent Reduction | |
Chemistry | Resin and Fatty Acids | Gas Chromatography |
Chemistry | Rosin Acids | ASTM D803/D1240 |
Chemistry | S10, S18 (hemicellulose), S21.5 | TAPPI T235 |
Chemistry | Salinity | By conductivity |
Chemistry | Selenium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Silica | |
Chemistry | Silicon | By ICP |
Chemistry | Silicone (DCM extracted) | By ICP |
Chemistry | Silver | By ICP |
Chemistry | Sodium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Sodium (in wet pulp) | SCAN C30:73 |
Chemistry | Sodium Hydroxide | TAPPI T625, Others |
Chemistry | Sodium, Bound | PAPTAC G28 |
Chemistry | Solids, Dissolved | |
Chemistry | Solids, Fixed | |
Chemistry | Solids, Fixed Non-Volatile | |
Chemistry | Solids, Fixed Suspended | |
Chemistry | Solids, Suspended | |
Chemistry | Solids, Total | |
Chemistry | Solids, Volatile | |
Chemistry | Solids, Volatile Suspended | |
Chemistry | Specific Gravity | TAPPI T624, TAPPI T625, others |
Chemistry | Starch | TAPPI T419 |
Chemistry | Strong Acid Number | Alkali titration |
Chemistry | Strontium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Sulfate | TAPPI T624, TAPPI T625, Others |
Chemistry | Sulfate, Water Soluble | TAPPI T255 |
Chemistry | Sulfated Ash (organic/inorganic ratio) | TAPPI T625 |
Chemistry | Sulfide | TAPPI T624, TAPPI T625 |
Chemistry | Sulfide, Water Soluble | Potentiometric Titration |
Chemistry | Sulfidity | ABC titration, Others |
Chemistry | Sulfite | TAPPI T619, SCAN N3:63, Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Sulfite, Water Soluble | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Sulfur | By ICP, ASTM D129, Others |
Chemistry | Sulfur, Reducible | TAPPI T406 |
Chemistry | Swelling Characteristics | |
Chemistry | Talc (Magnesium silicate) | |
Chemistry | Tall Oil Content | |
Chemistry | Tall Oil Properties | |
Chemistry | Tellurium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Terpenes | Gas Chromatography |
Chemistry | Thallium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Thiosulfate | TAPPI T625, TAPPI T619, SCAN N3:63, Ion Chromatography |
Chemistry | Thiosulfate, Water Soluble | Ion Chromotography |
Chemistry | Tin | By ICP |
Chemistry | Titanium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Toluene Extractives | TAPPI T204 |
Chemistry | Total Alkali | TAPPI T625 |
Chemistry | Total Halides (TX) | ISO 11480 |
Chemistry | Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) | Macro TKN |
Chemistry | Total Organic Carbon (TOC) | SSSA 5.3 Ch 34, Others |
Chemistry | Total Organic Halides (TOX) | PTS-RH:012/90, ISO 11480, Others |
Chemistry | Total Reducible Sulfur (TRS) | |
Chemistry | Total Reducible Sulfur (TRS) Species | |
Chemistry | Total Solids | TAPPI T650, Others |
Chemistry | True Colour | |
Chemistry | Turbidity | SUBLET |
Chemistry | Ultimate Analysis | |
Chemistry | Unsaponifiables | ASTM D803/D1065 |
Chemistry | Uranium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Vanadium | By ICP |
Chemistry | Viscosity | Ball Fall, Brookfield Viscometer, Tappi T230, Others |
Chemistry | Volatile Matter | ASTM D3172/D3175 |
Chemistry | Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) | |
Chemistry | Water | Karl Fisher titration |
Chemistry | Water Extractives | USFDA |
Chemistry | Water Solubility | TAPPI T207 |
Chemistry | X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) | |
Chemistry | Zinc | By ICP |
Chemistry | Zirconium | By ICP |